熒光適配器用於環境中微塑料觀察
微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)，塑(su)料(liao)纖(xian)維(wei)或(huo)尺(chi)寸(cun)約(yue)為(wei)毫(hao)米(mi)或(huo)更(geng)小(xiao)的(de)顆(ke)粒(li)，在(zai)我(wo)們(men)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)中(zhong)無(wu)處(chu)不(bu)在(zai)，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)海(hai)洋(yang)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)。一(yi)些(xie)微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)，故(gu)意(yi)製(zhi)造(zao)得(de)很(hen)小(xiao)，以(yi)執(zhi)行(xing)特(te)定(ding)的(de)功(gong)能(neng)，如(ru)洗(xi)麵(mian)奶(nai)和(he)化(hua)妝(zhuang)品(pin)，而(er)另(ling)一(yi)些(xie)是(shi)次(ci)要(yao)的(de)，由(you)較(jiao)大(da)碎(sui)片(pian)的(de)劣(lie)化(hua)產(chan)生(sheng)。微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)已(yi)在(zai)多(duo)種(zhong)海(hai)洋(yang)生(sheng)物(wu)體(ti)內(nei)檢(jian)出(chu),造成不同程度的毒性效應,但由於技術限製,關於海洋魚類對小粒徑微塑料攝入和排出過程的定量研究仍比較缺乏.
伴隨人們生活節奏的加快，社會生活正向便利化、衛生化發展。為了順應這種需求，一次性泡沫塑料飯盒、塑料袋、筷子、水杯等開始頻繁地進入人們的日常生活。這些使用方便、價格低廉的包裝材料的出現給人們的生活帶來了諸多便利。但另一方麵，這些包裝材料在使用後往往被隨手丟棄，造成極大環境危害。
許(xu)多(duo)小(xiao)組(zu)現(xian)在(zai)正(zheng)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)體(ti)視(shi)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡(jing)的(de)熒(ying)光(guang)適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)工(gong)具(ju)。我(wo)們(men)從(cong)查(zha)爾(er)斯(si)頓(dun)學(xue)院(yuan)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)使(shi)用(yong)該(gai)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)團(tuan)隊(dui)那(na)裏(li)了(le)解(jie)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)應(ying)用(yong)程(cheng)序(xu)。菲(fei)爾(er)·dasitanboshihetadexueshengyizhizaiyanjiugezhonggeyangdekemu，baokuohaiyangheludi。xuduoganxingqudekelifachuyingguang，bingqingxidixianshizaiyangpinzhong。tamenshenzhizaiyingfenyangbenzhongfaxianleweisuliaokeli！
鷹的糞便在體視顯微鏡下的熒光
微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)除(chu)了(le)進(jin)入(ru)食(shi)品(pin)外(wai)，微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)還(hai)可(ke)以(yi)摻(chan)入(ru)製(zhi)成(cheng)品(pin)中(zhong)。使(shi)用(yong)熒(ying)光(guang)適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)在(zai)體(ti)視(shi)顯(xian)微(wei)鏡(jing)下(xia)看(kan)著(zhe)紙(zhi)巾(jin)和(he)衛(wei)生(sheng)紙(zhi)，對(dui)發(fa)光(guang)斑(ban)點(dian)和(he)纖(xian)維(wei)的(de)數(shu)量(liang)感(gan)到(dao)驚(jing)訝(ya)。
白光照射紙巾在體視顯微鏡下觀察
紙巾在450nm激發光源照射下發出熒光
白光照射衛生紙
衛生紙在在450nm激發光源照射下發出熒光
許多實驗室開始使用450NM的(de)藍(lan)光(guang)激(ji)發(fa)光(guang)源(yuan)來(lai)觀(guan)察(cha)微(wei)塑(su)料(liao)的(de)熒(ying)光(guang)，這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)上(shang)麵(mian)紙(zhi)巾(jin)和(he)衛(wei)生(sheng)紙(zhi)樣(yang)品(pin)所(suo)顯(xian)示(shi)的(de)。他(ta)們(men)後(hou)來(lai)添(tian)加(jia)了(le)紫(zi)外(wai)線(xian)激(ji)發(fa)光(guang)源(yuan)，以(yi)擴(kuo)展(zhan)其(qi)檢(jian)測(ce)功(gong)能(neng)。許(xu)多(duo)合(he)成(cheng)纖(xian)維(wei)在(zai)紫(zi)外(wai)激(ji)發(fa)下(xia)具(ju)有(you)強(qiang)烈(lie)的(de)藍(lan)色(se)熒(ying)光(guang)。根(gen)據(ju)我(wo)們(men)迄(qi)今(jin)為(wei)止(zhi)的(de)經(jing)驗(yan)，我(wo)們(men)現(xian)在(zai)的(de)建(jian)議(yi)是(shi)，對(dui)於(yu)顆(ke)粒(li)（非纖維），是皇家藍，以紫外線為備選。對於超細纖維來說，這是相反的 - 紫外線激發應該發現更多熒光。
上海峰誌儀器有限公司現貨供應LUYOR-3420UR體視顯微鏡熒光適配器（標配365nm和450nm），能夠滿足實驗室利用體視顯微鏡觀察各種微塑料的熒光。
Microplastics and Fluorescence
Microplastics, plastics fibers or particles on the order of millimeters or less in size, have become ubiquitous in the world around us, and especially in the marine environment. Some of the microplastics are primary, purposely manufactured to be small to perform specific functions such as in facial cleansers and cosmetics, while others are secondary, produced by deterioration of larger pieces. A Google search on ‘microplastics in the environment’ will point you to many good references.
A number of groups are now using the NIGHTSEA Stereo Microscope Fluorescence Adapter as a tool in their work with microplastics. We learned about this application from a team at the College of Charleston that used the system. Dr. Phil Dustan and his students have been examining a wide variety of subjects, both marine and terrestrial. Many of the particles of interest fluoresce and show up clearly in samples. They even found microplastic particles in a sample of eagle poop!
The Dustan lab started out using the Royal Blue excitation/emission set, and that is also what is shown for the paper towel and toilet paper samples. They later added the Ultraviolet set to expand their detection capabilities. Many synthetic fibers have a strong blue fluorescence under ultraviolet excitation. See our article on fibers collected by a washing machine discharge filter. Our recommendation now based on our experience to date is that for particles (non-fiber), the first choice would be Royal Blue, with Ultraviolet as the backup. For microfibers this is reversed – Ultraviolet should find more with Royal Blue as a powerful backup.
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